Addaura
Part of The Encyclopedia of Southern Italy.
Addaura Caves (PA):An important archaeological complex of 3 caves at the base of the N slope of Monte Pellegrino (an associated cave, Grotta Niscemi, is located on the E slope), located about 8.5 km. NW of Palermo. It was discovered accidentally following the explosion of an ammunition dump towards the end of World War II. Scientific investigation has revealed that the caves were used during the Mid-Upper Paleolithic, prior to 35,000 BC, and in the later Copper and Early Bronze Ages. In 1952, researchers discovered a series of highly artistic Upper Paleolithic wall incisions depicting humans and animals in one cavern. The designs found here are considered the best examples for this type of art south of the Alps. The Addaura designs fall into three distinct styles. The earliest engravings consist mostly of lightly scratched animal figures of good quality. The middle stage is best represented by a well executed, deeply cut depiction of a deer, as well as one scene containing 17 human figures. Some scholars believe that these latter carvings depict a human sacrifice. One figure is shown lying down and bound. Two other figures are shown with raised arms. Some appear to be wearing bird or dog headed masks. These carvings appear to have similarities to those discovered at sites in the Sahara.